500-year-old medical "recipe" discovered in a cow horn in South Africa

 


500-year-old medical "recipe" discovered in a cow horn in South Africa


Two years ago, archaeologists made a major discovery in a rock shelter in the Eastern Cape province, South Africa: a cow horn container containing the oldest known evidence of several plant medicines in South Africa.


Radiocarbon dating places the horn between 1461 and 1630 AD. -C. She was carefully sealed with a leather lid and wrapped in leaves and herbs to protect her. A research team led by archaeologist Justin Bradfield from the University of Johannesburg has analyzed the residues inside and identified strong concentrations of two powerful chemical compounds: monomethylinositol and lupeol.


These substances are known for their ability to regulate blood sugar and cholesterol levels, reduce fever, soothe inflammation, and fight infections. The team determined that the compounds likely came from a combination of three local plants, indicating traditional healers deliberately blended ingredients to create more effective remedies. "This is the earliest tangible evidence we have in South Africa of the use of multiple plant extracts to develop medicinal preparations," Bradfield said. "We know that the properties of plants have been known for tens of thousands of years, but until now, we have had no direct evidence of the manufacture of complex pharmaceutical mixtures." »


This discovery offers valuable insight into the sophisticated medical knowledge of South African communities, centuries before the arrival of Europeans.


Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

What Soviet Soldiers Saw When They Accidentally Discovered Auschwitz

Image
  On January 27, 1945, a group of Soviet soldiers were moving through southern Poland when they came across what looked like an empty Nazi camp near the town of Oświęcim. They didn’t even know the camp was there and were shocked to see thousands of thin, weak, and mistreated people staring at them through barbed wire. Some were so sick and starved they could barely stand. One soldier later said, “I still remember their faces, especially their eyes. Their eyes told the story of what they had been through.” This place was Auschwitz—the biggest and deadliest of all the Nazi concentration camps—and the soldiers were about to see just how terrible things had been for the people there. When the soldiers went inside, they found no guards. The Nazis had left not long before, taking 60,000 prisoners with them and trying to hide the terrible things they had done. But there was too much proof left behind. The soldiers found buildings full of shoes, eyeglasses, and other personal items—belo...
Read more

Spc. Monica Lin Brown in Afghanistan, 2008 - Saved five wounded soldiers from a roadside bomb.

Image
  In April 2007, the mountains of Paktia Province, Afghanistan, were unforgiving. The roads were narrow dirt tracks carved into cliffs, perfect for ambushes. Riding in the back of a Humvee was Private First Class Monica Lin Brown. She was 19 years old. She was from Lake Jackson, Texas. She was barely five feet tall. And she was the platoon medic. To the men in the 82nd Airborne Division, she wasn't "PFC Brown" or "that girl." She was simply "Doc." In the hierarchy of a combat platoon, the medic holds a sacred trust. When the world explodes, everyone runs for cover—except the medic. The medic runs toward the scream. On April 25, the world exploded. A roadside bomb ripped through the trail vehicle of their convoy. The explosion was massive, tearing the Humvee apart and igniting the fuel tank. The vehicle was engulfed in a ball of fire. Small arms ammunition inside the truck began to "cook off," popping like firecrackers and sending lethal shrap...
Read more

Killing someone's Soul ...

Image
Killing someone's Soul ...  Emotionally Dead has to be the Worst Death!  Bone Pointing ...  A strange method of execution used by Aborigines. Supposedly the practice never fails to kill despite the fact that the victim is never physically harmed. The practice leaves no trace whatsoever on the condemned. This practice is carried out by a Kurdaitcha, or a ritual executioner. The name Kurdaitcha comes from the slippers that the Kurdaitcha wear. These slippers, made of cockatoo or emu feathers and human hair are completely silent when the user walks in them. The Kurdaitcha will use this silence to quickly hunt down the person to be killed if the person has fled. Once the person is caught the Kurdaitcha will go down onto one knee and point the kundela, or killing bone (which will have been charged with a psychic energy in a previous ritual), at the condemned.  At this point the victim is said to be completely frozen in fear. The Kurdaitcha will then chant a curse. Afterwa...
Read more

Walking Through the Dead: A Visit to Nanjing and the Reality of the 1937 Massacre

Image
  WARNING: GRAPHIC HISTORY The following article discusses rape, mass murder, and extreme wartime violence. Reader discretion is strongly advised. Walking Through the Dead: A Visit to Nanjing and the Reality of the 1937 Massacre After entering a large museum in one of the world’s oldest cities Nanking, now called Nanjing my 18-year-old daughter Sophia and I stepped onto a glass walkway suspended above the earth. Beneath our feet lay an ancient path, preserved ten feet below ground. Soft lights illuminated the soil while the surrounding hall remained dark, silent, and heavy. On the black walls to our right hung photographs taken in December 1937. They were not artistic recreations. They were real images captured by Imperial Japanese Army soldiers themselves. Babies murdered. Prisoners beheaded. Bodies piled along the banks of the Yangtze River. Heads severed and displayed as trophies. This was not rumor. This was documentation. The photographs formed a brutal record of what h...
Read more

In 1976, Shavarsh Karapetyan risk his career to save lives

Image
He'd just finished a 12-mile run when a bus full of people plunged into a reservoir—so he dove 33 feet down and saved 20 lives, ending his Olympic career in the process. Then, nine years later, his lungs still damaged from that day, he ran into a burning building and did it all over again. September 16, 1976. Yerevan, Armenia. Shavarsh Karapetyan and his brother Kamo had just completed their morning training—a brutal 12-mile run along the Yerevan Reservoir. Shavarsh was 23 years old and at the peak of his athletic powers. He was a finswimming champion who'd broken 17 world records. The 1980 Olympics were in his sights. He was catching his breath when he heard it: the screech of metal, the crash, the screams. A trolleybus—number 2, packed with morning commuters—had lost control and plunged off the road into the reservoir. Within seconds, it had sunk 80 feet from shore, settling at a depth of 33 feet. The murky water swallowed it whole. Inside were dozens of people. Trapped. Drow...
Read more

Respect to Joseph Lee Galloway 'He is the only civilian to receive a medal from the U.S. Army for valor during the Vietnam War'

Image
Respect to Joseph Lee Galloway 'He is the only civilian to receive a medal from the U.S. Army for valor during the Vietnam War' "Joseph Lee Galloway was an American news correspondent and columnist.  He is the only civilian to receive a medal from the U.S. Army for valor during the Vietnam War—a Bronze Star with Combat V for rescuing wounded soldiers under fire in the Ia Drang Valley in November 1965.  A veteran of 42 years in journalism, he was coauthor with retired Army Lieutenant General Harold G. Moore of "We Were Soldiers Once . . . and Young".  That book was made into a movie - "We Were Soldiers" —a motion picture based on the book starring Mel Gibson as Moore and Barry Pepper as Galloway. “We who have seen war, will never stop seeing it. In the silence of the night, we will always hear the screams. So this is our story, for we were soldiers once, and young.” - Joseph L. Galloway My wife ( Anne Smith  ) and I were honored to meet both LTG Hal Moor...
Read more

The Truth Behind 'Russian Popeye' story

Image
  Russian popeye Stop Calling the “Russian Popeye” a Bodybuilder: This Is Not Bodybuilding One of the biggest problems in today’s fitness world is misinformation. Anyone who lifts weights or goes to the gym is quickly labeled a bodybuilder . This careless use of words has caused serious confusion and sometimes fear about what bodybuilding truly is. Let’s be clear: weight training does not automatically make someone a bodybuilder . Weight training is simply a tool. Athletes use it to improve speed, strength, and performance. Everyday people use it to stay fit and healthy. Bodybuilders use it to build muscle for structured competition, under strict rules and standards. So even if someone has a muscular body, if they are not training and competing in bodybuilding events, they are not bodybuilders. This misunderstanding has fueled the viral story of the man often called the “Russian Popeye.” Big Arms Alone Do Not Define Bodybuilding The media widely described this ma...
Read more

He Was Only 17 When He Chose to Save Others

Image
  In 2023, the United States Navy commissioned USS Jack H. Lucas , an Arleigh Burke–class destroyer. The ship carries the name of a Marine whose courage came before fear—a boy who became a legend before he became an adult. Jacklyn “Jack” Lucas was only 17 years old when he landed on Iwo Jima in February 1945 . He was not supposed to be there. He was underage. But war had already changed the rules of his life. After the attack on Pearl Harbor, Lucas became consumed with one thought: he had to fight . He forged his mother’s signature, lied about his age, and joined the U.S. Marine Corps at just 14 years old . He was young, stubborn, and determined. When assigned a rear job, he refused to accept it. Combat was where he believed he belonged. So he did the unthinkable he stowed away on a ship headed for war . Two days after landing on Iwo Jima, reality arrived without warning. Lucas and his fire team were suddenly ambushed by enemy soldiers. His rifle jammed. There was no tim...
Read more

The Reason Magda Goebbels stole the lives of her six children.

Image
  The Reason Magda Goebbels stole the lives of her six children. In the final days of April 1945, Berlin was no longer a city but a wound. Streets that once echoed with life were reduced to broken stone and smoke. The air trembled constantly from shellfire, and the sky glowed at night with distant flames. Deep beneath the ruins of the Reich Chancellery, in a concrete bunker cut off from daylight and hope, six children lived their last days unaware that the world above them was ending and that their own future had already been taken away. They were the Goebbels children: Helga, twelve years old; Hilde, eleven; Helmut, nine; Holdine, eight; Hedwig, six; and little Heidrun, just four. To anyone who might have seen them in those final weeks, they looked like ordinary children placed in extraordinary circumstances. Their hair was brushed. Their clothes were tidy. They shared toys, whispered secrets, and clung to routines as if routine itself could protect them. Their mother, Magda, stay...
Read more

When I Held My Uncle’s Hand After Death: What I Saw Changed How I Understand Life and God

Image
  When I Held My Uncle’s Hand After Death: What I Saw Changed How I Understand Life and God Death is something we all know will happen, yet nothing truly prepares you for the moment it arrives right in front of your eyes. I never imagined that one of the most unforgettable experiences of my life would happen in a quiet hospital room, holding my uncle’s hand, long after the doctors had said he was gone. When the machines were finally disconnected and the doctors gently said the words, “He’s dead,” everything felt unreal. I did not cry immediately. I did not scream. I simply stayed there. I kept holding his hand. His fingers were still wrapped around mine, as if he did not want to let go. What shocked me most was that his hand was still warm. Not the warmth of memory or imagination, but real warmth. His body did not look lifeless. He looked peaceful, calm, like someone taking a deep rest after a long, exhausting journey. For several minutes—maybe three or four—I stayed there wat...
Read more

Labels

Show more